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AN INTERFEROMETRIC APPROACH TO SUPPRESSION OF SCATTERED RADIANT ENERGY (DIFFRACTION).

机译:一种抑制散射辐射能量(衍射)的干涉方法。

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摘要

The concept of using an interferometric process to reduce scattered light in optical systems has been examined from a physical optics viewpoint. An experiment is described which illustrates the basic concepts of a particular scheme addressing the important case of a telescope viewing a distant point object whose image is degraded by scattering from dust on the primary lens. A basic conceptual scheme is described, utilizing a modified Twyman-Green interferometer, which introduces a π phase shift and a focal power difference between the arms. The interferometer is inserted into the optical train of an elementary telescope to null the scattered energy while preserving the image intensity associated with the distant point object, thereby enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio. The effect of this interferometer on the image of a distant point object is examined in detail. Computer techniques were used to solve Lommel function based series representations of the diffraction integral, and generate the intensity distributions which are presented as a series of iso-intensity contour maps. The results indicate that a distant point object could be reimaged successfully. Further analytic evaluations reveal specific operating conditions for the interferometer that optimize the peak intensity at the focal plane. A wavefront model was used to derive the radially dependent intensity distribution at the focal plane from the single on-axis scattering point. To evaluate the effectiveness of the scatter-nulling interferometric technique, an analytic expression for the gain in signal-to-noise ratio was developed, utilizing elementary models of a reimaging system with and without the inclusion of a nulling interferometer. Gains up to a factor of 10⁸ were observed with the assumption of a reasonable set of system parameters and for the limited set of conditions employed. Results imply that the interferometric approach could be successful and effective under restricted conditions. Imagery from the experimental arrangement is presented showing a projection of the concentrated distant source image along with the broad null field from the scattering source.
机译:从物理光学的观点出发,已经研究了使用干涉测量过程来减少光学系统中的散射光的概念。描述了一个实验,该实验说明了特定方案的基本概念,该方案解决了望远镜观看远点物体的重要情况,该远点物体的图像由于灰尘在主透镜上的散射而退化。利用改进的Twyman-Green干涉仪,介绍了一种基本的概念方案,该干涉仪引入了π相移和两个臂之间的聚焦功率差。干涉仪被插入基本望远镜的光学系统中以消除散射能量,同时保留与远点物体相关的图像强度,从而提高了信噪比。详细检查了这种干涉仪对远处物体的图像的影响。使用计算机技术来解决基于Lommel函数的衍射积分序列表示,并生成强度分布,这些强度分布表示为一系列等强度等高线图。结果表明,可以成功地对远距离对象进行重新成像。进一步的分析评估表明,干涉仪的特定工作条件可优化焦平面上的峰值强度。使用波前模型从单个轴上散射点导出焦平面处的径向相关强度分布。为了评估散射零干涉技术的有效性,利用具有和不包括零干涉仪的再成像系统的基本模型,开发了信噪比增益的解析表达式。在合理的一组系统参数和有限的条件下,观察到的增益高达10⁸。结果表明,干涉法在有限的条件下可能是成功和有效的。呈现了来自实验装置的图像,该图像示出了集中的远距离源图像的投影以及来自散射源的宽零场。

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