L'émergence du sens du spectateur, au cours de la projection cinématographique : une approche communicationnelle et cognitive.

摘要

This work concerns the way in which the interpretation is built, what it uses, and how it evolves, in the course of the cinematographic projection. We are more interested by the meaning construction than by the result of the meaning itself. To carry out this research, we are based specifically on “experienced” projection situations (not experimental and tested situations). In this study, Lost Highway of David Lynch is a central movie.Several specificities make it possible to define our thought process, basically founded on an understanding approach and on the peculiarity of human acts. First, we are not exclusively focused on the film itself. We wish to get a higher view on film data and try to introduce the spectator in the center of the debate. Second, we consider that the meaning construction, cannot be understood, if one forgets to consider it, within the whole situation of communication in which it exists. The audience interpretations should be considered as “situated actions". Last, our research orientation is particularly concerned by the projection “course of action”. It means that we aim to describing the complex process of the progressively developing meaning, along the projection of the film. These specificities force us to observe a movement of interpretation, which mobilizes different relationship dynamics between the film, the viewer and the situation. What we seek to describe is a progressive and complex mode of meaning development. We manage this project in two different parts: The first one exposes our principal theoretical references, our project and our method. The second one is based on our collecting introspective phenomenological data. It describes our own progressing into the film, then tries, in a second time, to manage to modelize these “movements of meaning” and to draw some more general results.