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Role of the geomorphic setting in controlling groundwater–surface water exchanges in riverine wetlands: A case study from two southern Québec rivers (Canada)

机译:地貌环境在控制河流湿地中地下水与地表水交换中的作用:以魁北克南部两条河流(加拿大)为例

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摘要

There is great interest worldwide to reconnect floodplain wetlands to their rivers. Whilst the surface water connection between rivers and wetlands is fairly well understood, the linkages via groundwater are not well known. In this study, it is hypothesized that the significance of the groundwater pathways between rivers and wetlands is largely determined by the geomorphic setting of the riverine corridor. This was tested by measuring the response of water levels and temperatures in floodplain groundwater and in wetlands to river pulses in two geomorphologically distinct riverine corridors in Southern Québec. In the De la Roche River (DLR; 145 km2), the floodplain is narrow and the alluvial sediments consist of sandy silt (wetland A; abandoned meander) or clayey silt (wetland B; stable floodplain), depending on the location. During within-channel floods, exchanges of water between the river and the floodplain are limited to some bank recharge where the alluvial sediments are permeable, and over-bank storage where the sediments are finer. Water levels in the DLR floodplain wetlands were controlled by a combination of over-bank flow and groundwater discharge from adjacent uplands. In the Matane River (1678 km2), the floodplain substrate is coarser, and the floodplain is wider and has a meandering planform geometry. The response of the Matane River wetland during floods shows storage of water due to a groundwater flood wave. This response of the wetland to within-channel flood pulses could play a role in downstream flood attenuation. In this river, the presence of river infiltration in this floodplain was also illustrated by the warming of floodplain groundwater during flood pulses. This study has shown with three distinct examples how riverine wetlands can be connected to their rivers via either a surface or subsurface pathway depending on the geomorphic setting of the riverine corridor.
机译:重新将洪泛区湿地与其河流重新连接在世界范围内引起了极大的兴趣。尽管对河流和湿地之间的地表水联系了解得很清楚,但通过地下水的联系尚不为人所知。在这项研究中,假设河流和湿地之间的地下水路径的重要性在很大程度上取决于河流走廊的地貌环境。通过测量魁北克南部南部两个地貌不同的河道中的洪泛区地下水和湿地中水位和温度对河脉的响应进行了测试。在德拉罗氏河(DLR; 145 km2)中,洪泛区很窄,冲积沉积物由沙质粉砂(湿地A;废弃的河曲)或黏土粉砂(湿地B;稳定的洪泛区)组成,具体取决于位置。在河道内洪水期间,河流和洪泛区之间的水交换仅限于冲积沉积物可渗透的某些河岸补给,以及沉积物较细的过岸储水。 DLR洪泛区湿地的水位是由过高流量和相邻高地的地下水排放共同控制的。在马塔讷河(1678平方公里)中,洪泛区基底较粗糙,洪泛区较宽,且具有蜿蜒的平面几何形状。 Matane河湿地在洪水期间的响应显示由于地下水洪水波而导致水的储存。湿地对河道内洪水脉冲的这种响应可能在下游洪水衰减中起作用。在这条河中,洪水泛滥期间洪水平原地下水的升温也说明了该洪泛区中河流入渗的存在。这项研究以三个不同的例子展示了如何根据河流走廊的地貌设置,通过表面或地下途径将河流湿地与河流相连。

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