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Weight-loss strategies of South African female university students and comparison of weight management-related characteristics between dieters and non-dieters

机译:南非女大学生的减肥策略与节食者与非节食者体重管理相关特征的比较

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摘要

Background: Female university students are at risk for weight gain and use of inappropriate weight-loss strategies. By gaining a greater understanding of the weight-loss strategies used by and weight management related characteristics of these students, effective weight management interventions for this vulnerable group can be developed. Methods: Two hundred and fifty female students from South Africa universities, aged 18–25 years, participated in this cross-sectional study; 162 attempted weight loss during the year preceding the study (dieters) and 88 were non-dieters. Weight and height were measured and BMI (kg/m2 ) computed. A self-administered questionnaire was used to record all other variables. Weight loss strategies were described for dieters and compared between BMI groups within the dieters group. Weight management related characteristics were compared between dieters and non-dieters. Statistical tests included Pearson Chi-square test, independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test (depending on distribution of the data). Predictors for a higher BMI and being overweight/obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 ) were identified using regression models. Results: Healthy weight-loss strategies included increased exercise and fruit/vegetable intake and decreased intake of sugar and fat containing items; unhealthy methods included eating little food and skipping meals; and extreme weight loss strategies included laxatives and vomiting. The most commonly used weight-loss product was Herbex. Dieters were characterized by a higher BMI, overestimation of their weight (especially normal weight students), dissatisfaction with weight and select body parts, higher intake of breakfast and healthy foods, lower intake of unhealthy foods, higher levels of vigorous physical activity, higher use of select informal weight-loss information sources and experiencing more pressure to lose weight from mothers, siblings and friends. Predictors of higher BMI and/or increased risk for BMI ≥25 included weight-loss attempt during the past year, race, dissatisfaction with waist, perception of currently being “chubby,” and higher frequencies of intake of a snack and fatty foods. Conclusion: Attempting weight-loss is common among female students and predicts BMI. Healthy (mainly), unhealthy and extreme weight loss methods are used. Dieters are characterized by a less realistic body image, lower body satisfaction, higher pressure to lose weight, use of informal weight-management information and a healthier life-style.
机译:背景:女大学生有增加体重和使用不适当的减肥策略的风险。通过对这些学生所采用的减肥策略以及与体重管理相关的特征有更深入的了解,可以为这一弱势群体制定有效的体重管理干预措施。方法:来自南非大学的250名年龄在18-25岁的女学生参加了这项横断面研究。在研究前的一年中有162次尝试减肥(饮食),有88人为非饮食。测量体重和身高,并计算BMI(kg / m2)。使用自我管理的问卷记录所有其他变量。描述了节食者的减肥策略,并在节食者组内的BMI组之间进行了比较。在节食者和非节食者之间比较了与体重管理有关的特征。统计检验包括Pearson卡方检验,独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验(取决于数据的分布)。使用回归模型确定了BMI较高和超重/肥胖(BMI≥25 kg / m2)的预测因素。结果:健康的减肥策略包括增加运动量和水果/蔬菜摄入量,并减少含糖和脂肪的食物的摄入量;不健康的方法包括少吃点食物和不吃饭。极端减肥策略包括泻药和呕吐。最常用的减肥产品是Herbex。节食者的特点是BMI较高,体重过高(特别是体重正常的学生),对体重和某些身体部位的不满意,早餐和健康食品的摄入量较高,不健康食品的摄入量较低,剧烈运动量较高,使用量较高精选的非正式减肥信息源,并且承受着来自母亲,兄弟姐妹和朋友减肥的更大压力。 BMI升高和/或BMI≥25的风险增加的预测因素包括:过去一年的减肥尝试,种族,对腰部的不满意,当前的“胖”感以及零食和高脂肪食物的摄入频率较高。结论:尝试减肥是女性学生的常见现象,并且可以预测BMI。使用健康(主要),不健康和极度减肥的方法。节食者的特征是不真实的身体形象,较低的身体满意度,较高的减肥压力,使用非正式的体重管理信息以及更健康的生活方式。

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