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Three-dimensional investigation of cycling-induced microstructural changes in lithium-ion battery cathodes using focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy

机译:利用聚焦离子束/扫描电子显微镜对锂离子电池阴极循环诱导显微结构变化的三维研究

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摘要

For vehicle electrification, one of the biggest issues for lithium ion batteries is cycle life. Within this context, the mechanisms at the source of capacity degradation during cycling are not yet to be fully understood. In this work, we use state-of-the-art FIB-SEM serial sectioning and imaging techniques to determine the effect of cycling on lithium-ion battery cathodes. The three-dimensional (3D) microstructural study was performed on both pristine and cycled LiNixMnyCo1−x−yO2 (NMC) and Li(Li0.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13)O2 (HE-NMC) cathodes. The spatial distribution of active material, carbon-doped binder and pore spaces were successfully reconstructed by appropriate image processing. Comparisons of NMC and HE-NMC cathodes after different number of cycles showed only minor increases in the number of smaller active particles, possibly negligible, considering the intrinsic microstructure variation within the cathodes. However, the connectivity between carbon-doped binder additives and active particles in NMC and HE-NMC cathodes, assessed using a “neighbor counting” method, showed an appreciable decrease after cycling which indicates a detachment of carbon-doped binder from active particles. This significant cycling-induced detachment effect between the two phases (e.g., ∼22% for HE-NMC) could indicate a loss in electrical connectivity, which may partially explain the capacity fade in the cells.
机译:对于汽车电气化而言,锂离子电池的最大问题之一是循环寿命。在此背景下,尚未充分了解循环过程中容量降低的机制。在这项工作中,我们使用最先进的FIB-SEM串行切片和成像技术来确定循环对锂离子电池阴极的影响。在原始和循环的LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2(NMC)和Li(Li0.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13)O2(HE-NMC)阴极上进行了三维(3D)微结构研究。通过适当的图像处理成功地重建了活性材料,碳掺杂的粘合剂和孔空间的空间分布。比较不同循环次数后的NMC和HE-NMC阴极表明,考虑到阴极内部固有的微观结构变化,较小活性颗粒的数量仅略有增加,可能可以忽略不计。但是,使用“邻居计数”方法评估的NMC和HE-NMC阴极中碳掺杂粘合剂添加剂与活性颗粒之间的连通性显示循环后显着降低,这表明碳掺杂粘合剂从活性颗粒上脱落。两相之间这种显着的循环诱导的脱离效应(例如,HE-NMC约为22%)可能表明电连通性下降,这可能部分解释了细胞的容量衰减。

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