Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Air Toxic Emissions;Final rept

摘要

The emission rates of gas-phase airborne toxic compounds, as well as particulate matter (PM), have steadily been reduced during the past decade as a result of the introduction of reformulated gasoline and diesel fuel, advances in engine design and fuel metering systems, and the implementation of highly efficient exhaust after-treatment control devices. As regulatory standards have gotten increasingly stringent, it is important to understand how air toxic emission rates have changed over the years in order to gauge the expected improvement in air quality. In this work, the available literature for studies dealing with the air toxic, PM, and PAH emissions from on-road, off-road, and stationary diesel, gasoline, and natural gas internal combustion engines (ICEs) is reviewed and evaluated. This review focuses on toxic emission studies using typical dynamometer source testing methods, and near-source ambient sampling (e.g., tunnel studies) of ICE emissions.