Kinetic Studies and Product Characterization during the Basic Hydrolysis of Glyceryl Nitrate Esters

摘要

Kinetics of the basic hydrolysis of glyceryl trinitrate (TNG), 1,2-glyceryl dinitrate (1,2-DNG), 1,3-glyceryl dinitrate (1,3-DNG), 1-glyceryl mononitrate (1-MNG) and 2-glyceryl mononitrate (2-MNG) were investigated in CO2-free aqueous calcium hydroxide solutions. The hydrolysis reactions were carried out in a temperature controlled reactor vessel with provision for continuous N2 sparging of the reaction mixture. All glyceryl nitrate esters hydrolysed via second order reaction at 25 C. The activation energy of the TNG hydrolysis reaction was calculated from kinetic data at 10 C, 18 C, and 25 C. The 2-MNG and 1,2-DNG in basic solutions isomerized to 1-MNG and 1,3-DNG, respectively, which subsequently hydrolysed to yield products. The main hydrolysis product in the case of 1,3-DNG was identified as glycidyl nitrate.