Arctic Undersea Inspection of Pipelines and Structures.

摘要

The purpose of this study was three fold and concentrated in the areas of: (1) Inspection requirements; (2) Equipment performance; and (3) Research and development. Inspection requirements sought to: (1) Identify current and/or proposed undersea inspection requirements of governments and oil and gas operators with interests in the Arctic; (2) Ascertain those components or aspects of Production Platforms, Loading Terminals, Production Risers and Pipelines which are considered critical (i.e., vulnerable) to Arctic conditions; and (3) Define the environmental conditions under which present inspections are being conducted and under what conditions might near-future (through 1990) inspections be anticipated. Equipment performances are aimed at: (1) Describing the tools and deployment techniques which are now being used to carry out present Arctic and sub-Arctic inspections, and the techniques used to position these devices: divers, manned submersibles, remotely operated vehicles; (2) Determine the degree to which present inspection techniques satisfy present requirements; and (3) Evaluate the degree to which present devices and techniques will satisfy future anticipated requirements. Research and development sought to: (1) Identify and describe national and international Arctic research and development programs being pursued to conduct present and fulfill future undersea inspection requirements; and (2) The degree possible, describe the Non-Destructive Examinations necessary for present and future undersea structures.