Memory Organization-Based Methods of Instruction: A Comparison with Performance-Oriented Training

摘要

Based on an overview of principles of cognitive, information processing psychology concerning the structuring of information in memory, training was designed to give students task organizing information to aid their recall of four armor crewman tasks. Two alternative strategies for presenting the structure were developed: one in which the task structure information guided the presentation from the beginning of training, and one in which students were first allowed to have hands-on exposure to the task before being given the structure information. Under the constraint that these alternative training programs should not cost extra training time, they did not improve learning over the Army's standard performance oriented training strategy. Discussion concerned the role of practice and student ability in the acquisition of memory organization during learning.