Acute, Five- and Ten-Day Inhalation Study of Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids-Mixed Fats (HEFA-F) Jet Fuel.

摘要

The U.S. Air Force is pursuing development of alternative fuels to augment JP-8 jet fuel. Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids from Mixed Fats (HEFA-F) jet fuel was administered as an aerosol-vapor mixture to 5 male and 5 female Fischer-344 rats/group. Inhalation exposures lasted 6 hours/day for 1 day (with and without an 11-day recovery), 5 days or 10 days (5 days/week, 2 weeks). Exposure concentrations were 0, 200, 700 and 2000 mg/m3; mean aerosol measurements were 0, 7, 22 and 28 percent, respectively. There were no significant changes in body weights at any time point. Urinalysis changes included a slight pH decrease in all exposed rats; a small elevation in ketones and leukocytes and hemoglobin were present in the 2000 mg/m3 males. There were no changes in standard clinical chemistry or hematology parameters. Caudal lung tissue was analyzed for cytokines, chemokines and receptors; no significant changes were seen. Proinflammatory blood cytokines showed no significant differences. Male kidney weight increases were likely related to male rat specific hyaline droplet formation. Nasal cavity changes included olfactory epithelial degeneration at 2000 mg/m3. Alveolus inflammation was seen in the 2 higher doses. To examine sensory irritation, male Swiss-Webster mice were exposed nose-only to 1916 mg/m3 HEFA-F for 30 minutes, resulting in 23 percent respiratory depression.