Inventory of lactic acid bacteria populations in red wine varieties from Appellation of Origin Mentrida

摘要

A study of bacterial populations present during spontaneous malolactic fermentation of wines of different grape varieties (Tempranillo, Merlot, Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon and Garnacha) at six wineries of the Appellation of Origin M,ntrida has been carried out using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. A total of 1,082 isolates were genetically characterised by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR displaying 147 genotypes, 97 of which were clusters including two or more isolates (major clusters). Identification of representative isolates from each, using 16S-ARDRA, species-specific PCR or 16S gene sequencing showed presence of Oenococcus oeni (76.71 % of the isolates), Enterococcus faecium (11.92 %) and Pediococcus parvulus (10.44 %) as predominant species. The presence of coincident genotypes of these species, especially of O. oeni, at different wineries suggests their adaptation to the conditions of elaboration used in the wineries and to the characteristics of the wines from this Appellation of Origin. Combination of these results with those obtained using an independent-culture method, such as the polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), confirmed the predominance of O. oeni that was the only species detected from both methods. Acetobacter sp. and Enterobacteriaceae family were also detected by PCR-DGGE, being the diversity of species lower when this method was used. This research has provided detailed information about the composition of the bacterial community present in wine of different grape varieties, showing for the first time the presence of the species E. faecium, P. parvulus, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Acetobacter sp. in wines of this region, some of them considered as potential spoilage bacteria.