Babesiosis in dogs is caused by Babesia canis and B. gibsoni. The tick Rhipicephalus sanguineous transmits these piroplasms. The disease runs an acute and per acute course. Central nervous system involvement is less common (Soulsby, 1982). The presentreport deals with occurrence of cerebral form of babesiosis in a six year old well maintained and vaccinated male spitz dog. The animal had a previous history of having suffered from hepatozoonosis one-year back and inguinal hernia. Now the animal was brought with a history of anorexia. The temperature was found to he 104°F. The Giemsa stained peripheral blood smear revealed multiple forms of Babesia canis. Single, paired and, in one RBC, eight merozoites were found. The haemoglobin level was 8 mg/dl.Diminazene aceturate (Berenil) at the rate of 3.5 mg/kg was given deep i/m. The animal was put on fluids and haematinics as supportive. Subsequently, the temperature came down to normal by sixth day and the animal became active and feeding behaviour improved subsequently. The blood smear was negative for piroplasms on sixth day. On seventh day, the animal had suddenly developed fits. The temperature was subnormal. The animal was its recumbancy and having continuous fits and finally collapsed. The blood picture revealed profound anaemia and the smear did not show any piroplasms.
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