High-pressure CO2 extraction of bioactive compounds of barberry fruit (Berberis vulgaris): process optimization and compounds characterization

摘要

A high-pressure carbon dioxide technique was optimized by employing of response surface methodology. A quadratic model was used to predict process behavior. According to results, the extraction time (20–60 min) and pressure (100–200 bars) had statistically significant effects on anthocyanin, total phenolic, ascorbic acid contents and antioxidant activity of barberry fruit extracts. The maximum yields of anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, and vitamin C were 178.658 mg/L, 329.815 mg GAE/100 mL, and 3468.7 mg/L, respectively. Antioxidant activity of about 84% was also achieved. The optimum extraction pressure and time were defined as 200 bars and 44.64 min, respectively. Experimental values for various responses at the optimum conditions matched withthe predicted values. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed the presence of six different types of anthocyanins, namely cyaniding-3,5-diglucoside, delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside in the samples. Response surface methodology was employed successfully to optimize the extraction conditions of barberry fruit bioactive compounds.