Studies for Absorption of Formaldehyde by Using Foliage on Wild Tomato Species

摘要

Formaldehyde (HCHO) absorption capacity (indicating that HCHO was absorbed into foliage) was measured. Then, the metabolism-related substances (glutathione: GSH) and enzymes (glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase: FALDH and formate dehydrogenase: FDH) in the foliage of wild tomato species were investigated histochemically. In the measurement of HCHO absorption capacity, fresh foliage explant, which was placed in a sealed glass container, was treated with the adjusted 5 ppm HCHO from outside. As a result, in Lycopersicon (Solanum) pennellii LA0716, the HCHO concentration in the glass container significantly decreased down to 0.08 ppm, which is a guideline value indicating the safety of indoor air concentration established by the World Health Organization (WHO). On the other hand, the HCHO concentration of L. chilense TOMATO(WILD)94 did not decrease to the guideline value. Therefore, these results showed that LA0716 was an HCHO "high-absorbing" type in terms of capacity to remove HCHO, and TOMATO(WILD)94 was a "low-absorbing" type. An interspecific difference was observed among the wild tomatoes that were used in this study. In addition, changes in localization of HCHO metabolism-related substances and enzyme activity during treatment with HCHO was observed in the HCHO "high-absorbing" type, but was not shown in the HCHO "low-absorbing" type for each passage of time after HCHO treatment. In our study, we showed the possibility that fresh foliage explant in one wild tomato species, L. (S.)pennellii, absorbed and metabolized "toxic" HCHO.