Congenital heart defects: cardiac catheterisation procedures

摘要

Interventional procedures for the correction or palliation of congenital heart defects involves the passing of catheters via peripheral vessels, commonly the jugular vein and femoral vein or artery, under ge'neral anaesthesia to access the heart. These are sometimes referred to as 'keyhole' techniques. Interventional closure of a PDA is now commonplace in specialist centres, and is proving very successful with extremely low mortality and very low morbidity. Balloon dilation of valvular pulmonic stenosis has also evolved with improvedrecognition and understanding the echocardiography morphology ot the stenosis.