ハギア•ソフィァ大聖堂の屋内外環境と劣化状態:　熱画像•含水率分布調査およびレンガ造壁体の熱水分移動解析

摘要

本研究は，ハギア•ソフィァ大聖堂内部の劣化の原因を明らかにし，今後の保存対策について提案を行うことを目的として，本報では，2012年9月に行った屋内壁面の含水率分布と降雨後に撮影した屋外熱画像について検討を行った。次に2010年9月より測定を行っている屋内外の温湿度データを元に壁体内の熱水分移動解析を行い壁体内の水分性状について検討を行い，壁体外側を被覆し防水するのに適切な時期の検討を行った。%In order to propose measures for the future preservation of the interior of Hagia Sophia, it is necessary to clarify the causes of deterioration. In the present study, thermal imaging and moisture content distribution measurement were conducted during field survey in September 2012. Moisture transfer in the wall was analyzed by using the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity measured in September 2010. In addition, the appropriate time to cover the outside wall in order to prevent evaporation of accumulated water at the inside surface of the wall was examined by numerical simulation. The main results obtained are as follows. 1) From the measurement of moisture content, it was found that the wall in all directions of the second cornice has moisture content of more than 20%. Especially the northwest side of the indoor wall surface of the second cornice has the highest average moisture content.2) The location of water flow on the wall can be identified from thermal image survey. At the location of the water flow, there is large peeling of the mortar joint. 3) Numerical simulation shows that moisture content of the inner wall surface rises because of the penetration of rainwater at the outer wall surface. 4) Numerical simulation shows that appropriate time to cover the outer wall is summer because the moisture content in the wall then is lower than in the other seasons.