Quantitative analysis of differentially expressed milk fat globule membrane proteins between donkey and bovine colostrum based on high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry proteomics

摘要

This study was designed to provide novel insightsinto milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins indonkey colostrum (DC) and bovine colostrum (BC)using quantitative proteomics. In total, 179 (DC) and195 (BC) MFGM proteins were characterized, including71 shared, 108 DC-specific, and 124 BC-specificproteins. Fifty-one shared proteins were selected asdifferentially expressed MFGM proteins, including 21upregulated and 30 downregulated proteins in DC.Gene ontology analysis showed that these proteins weremainly enriched in cellular components, including theextracellular exosome, extracellular space, and plasmamembrane. Additionally, they were further involved inmetabolic pathways, including cholesterol metabolism,the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signalingpathway, and purine metabolism. Furthermore, severalkey protein factors with high connectivity were identifiedvia protein–protein interaction analysis. Theseresults provide more comprehensive knowledge of differencesin the biological properties of MFGM proteinsin DC and BC as well as pave the way for future studiesof the nutritional and functional requirements of theseimportant ingredients toward the development of dairyproducts based on multiple milk sources.