Effects of Chronic Ethanol Consumption on Biochemical Parameters and Oxidative Stress on Rat

摘要

Background: The biochemical effect of chronic alcohol consumption has been rarely studied although, most of the human population drinks moderate ethanol. The aims of this study was described some biochemical effects induced by moderate ethanol ingestion on rats in four and 12 weeks duration. Methods: Eighteen adult male albino Wistar rats (175 to 210 g) were fed with ethanol (1.6 ml/kg body weight/day) for 4 and 12 weeks. Animals randomly divided into 3 groups (1 to 3) comprised 6 animals each as following: Control group as group (1): Received orally drinking water. Group II: Treated orally with 1.6 g diluted ethanol/ kg body weight daily for 28 successive days. Group III:Treated orally with 1.6 g diluted ethanol/ kg body weight daily for 84 successive days. Blood samples were collected from retero-orbital plexus of animals before to start the ethanol administration (0 week), and at the end of 4 and 12 weeks of ethanol treatment. The serum was used for biochemical tests such as Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Creatinine, Total protein, Albumin, Alanine Amino transferases (ALT), Aspartate Amino transferases (AST), Alkaline Phosphatases (ALP), Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and Nitrite concentration. Reduced Glutathione (GSH), Mallondialdehyde (MDA) content, Catalase, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPH) activities were estimated on homogenized samples. For Analysis of data paired t-student test was used. Results: Ethanol exposure initially affects liver function followed by renal function. Chronic ethanol ingestion increased hepatocellular enzyme markers such as ALT, AST, ALP, GGT and MDA and nitrate concentration; while decreased total protein, albumin, GSH, ascorbic acid contents and SOD and catalase activities compare to control group. Conclusion: Long-term ethanol exposure induced toxicity which revealed by increase insystemic, local oxidative stress markers and hepatic enzyme indicators.