Sleep Architecture in Children With Common Phenotype of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

摘要

Study Objectives:In children, the effect of the common phenotype of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on sleep architecture is not adequately documented. The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep architecture in a pediatric population with the common phenotype of OSA.Methods:The prospective cross-sectional study included 116 children in the age range of 3 to 8 years with suspected OSA and 51 healthy children. All children underwent standard overnight in-laboratory video polysomnography. Patients with obstructive apnea-hypopnea index 1, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, a long face, narrow palate or minor malocclusions, and no obesity were defined as a common phenotype. Polysomnographic parameters of sleep architecture and sleep clinical record were statistically analyzed according to OSA and its severity.Results:In total, 94 pediatric patients (59.60% male) received the diagnosis of the common phenotype of OSA (mean age of 5.25 1.39 years). A lower percentage of stage N3 sleep (27.70 3.76% versus 31.02 4.23%; P .05), a greater percentage of stage N1 sleep (8.40 3.98% versus 2.68 3.02%, P .01), reduced deep sleep efficiency (46.01 4.98% versus 50.25 3.72%; P .05) and longer sleep latency (18.40 8.48 minutes versus 9.90 11.55 minutes, P .01) were found in children with the common phenotype of OSA compared with healthy controls. No significant differences were found in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and percentage of stage R sleep and stage N2 sleep between groups and in sleep stage distribution and cyclization.Conclusions:These findings suggest that the most common phenotype of pediatric OSA has a negative effect on the structure of sleep, but other clinical studies are needed to confirm this result.