ROLE OF GRAPE RESVERATROL AS AN ANTIOXIDANT

摘要

The present review analyzes the antioxidant role of resveratrol in the animal health regarding oxidative stress. The term stress was coined by Hans Selye, who discovered the stimuli that could provoke this condition. The above mentioned author defined stress as ?“the action of nervous and emotional stimuli provoked by the environment on the nervous, endocrine, circulatory and digestive systems of an animal, producing measurable changes in the functional levels of these systems?”. Stress can be classified as physical, psychological and physiological. Independently of the type of stress or stressor agent, the organism response is the same: there is an increase of sympathetic and adrenomedullary hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal activity. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of reactivate oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense systems, enzymatic or not, due to lack of vitamins and minerals, inflammatory processes, deficiency of the immune system, situations of intense exercise and environmental factors that prevent the organism from controlling the chain reaction of the ROS. This imbalance intervenes in the lipid peroxidation of the membranes and cellular organelles and in the peroxidation of nucleic acids. The grape polyphenolic antioxidants such as resveratrol are in the skin, especially in the epidermal cells and in the seeds, being its concentration low in pulp. The quantity and quality of grape polyphenols depend mainly on the variety of the grapevine, the climate, the area and the cultivation practices. Resveratrol has drawn a great interest in the scientific community due to the wide scope of its biological effects.