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Mesoscopic Modelling of Pedestrian Movement Using Carma and Its Tools

机译:用Carma及其工具对行人运动进行介观建模

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In this article, we assess the suitability of the CARMA (Collective Adaptive Resource-sharing Markovian Agents) modelling language for mesoscopic modelling of spatially distributed systems where the desired model lies between an individual-based (microscopic) spatial model and a population-based (macroscopic) spatial model. Our modelling approach is mesoscopic in nature because it does not model the movement of individuals as an agent-based simulation in two-dimensional space, nor does it make a continuous-space approximation of the density of a population of individuals using partial differential equations. The application that we consider is pedestrian movement along paths that are expressed as a directed graph. In the models presented, pedestrians move along path segments at rates that are determined by the presence of other pedestrians, and make their choice of the path segment to cross next at the intersections of paths. Information about the topology of the path network and the topography of the landscape can be expressed as separate functional and spatial aspects of the model by making use of CARMA language constructs for representing space. We use simulation to study the impact on the system dynamics of changes to the topology of paths and show how CARMA provides suitable modelling language constructs that make it straightforward to change the topology of the paths and other spatial aspects of the model without completely restructuring the CARMA model. Our results indicate that it is difficult to predict the effect of changes to the network structure and that even small changes can have significant effects.
机译:在本文中,我们评估了CARMA(集体自适应资源共享马尔科夫代理)建模语言对空间分布系统的介观建模的适用性,其中所需模型位于基于个人的(微观)空间模型和基于人口的(宏观)空间模型。我们的建模方法本质上是介观的,因为它没有将个体的运动建模为二维空间中基于代理的模拟,也没有使用偏微分方程对个体的密度进行连续的空间近似。我们考虑的应用是行人沿着有向图表示的路径移动。在给出的模型中,行人以由其他行人的存在所确定的速率沿着路段行驶,并选择路段以在路口相交处接下来通过。通过使用CARMA语言构造来表示空间,可以将有关路径网络的拓扑结构和景观的地形的信息表示为模型的功能和空间方面。我们使用仿真来研究路径拓扑更改对系统动力学的影响,并显示CARMA如何提供合适的建模语言构造,从而可以在不完全重构CARMA的情况下直接更改路径拓扑和模型的其他空间方面模型。我们的结果表明,很难预测网络结构变化的影响,即使很小的变化也会产生显着影响。

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