Regulation of Renal Function and Blood Pressure Control by P2 Purinoceptors in the Kidney

摘要

Kidneys are important regulators of extracellular fluid volume homeostasis. Extracellular fluid volume is a key regulatory component of long-term blood pressure control influenced by controlling tubular sodium transport. In recent decades, renal P2 purinoceptors (P2 receptors) have come to the forefront as a mechanism for regulating extracellular fluid volume. P2 receptors are broadly distributed in renal tubular and vascular elements where they confer segmental control of renal vascular resistance, autoregulation, and tubular reabsorption. Activation or impairment of renal P2 purinoceptors is implicated in the regulating blood pressure or causing renal pathologies including hypertension. In this brief review, we discuss the role of renal vascular and tubular P2 purinoceptors in the regulation of renal hemodynamics, maintenance of extracellular fluid volume, regulation of sodium reabsorption and the control of blood pressure.