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Causal Context Presented in Subsequent Event Modifies the Perceived Timing of Cause and Effect

机译:随后事件中出现的因果关系会改变因果关系的感知时机

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摘要

The effect of perceived causality on other aspects of perception, such as temporal or spatial perception, has interested many researchers. Previous studies have shown that the perceived timing of two events is modulated when the events are intentionally produced or the causal link between the two events was known in advance. However, little research has directly supported the idea that causality alone can modulate the perceived timing of two events without having knowledge about causal links in advance. In this study, I used novel causal displays in which various types of causal contexts could be presented in subsequent events (movement or color change of objects). In these displays, the preceding events were the same (ball falling from above), so observers could not predict which subsequent events displayed. The results showed that the perceived causal context modulated the temporal relationship of two serial events so as to be consistent with the causal order implied by the subsequent event; ball hit the floor, then objects moved. These modulations were smaller when the movements implied preceding effect of the falling ball (e.g., wind pressure). These results are well-suited to the Bayesian framework in which the perceived timing of events is reconstructed through the observers' prior experiences, and suggest that multiple prior experiences would competitively contribute to the estimation of the timing of events.
机译:感知因果关系对感知的其他方面(例如时间或空间感知)的影响引起了许多研究人员的兴趣。先前的研究表明,当有意产生事件或预先知道两个事件之间的因果关系时,会调节两个事件的感知时间。但是,很少有研究直接支持这样一种观点,即仅因果关系就可以调节两个事件的感知时机,而无需事先了解因果关系。在这项研究中,我使用了新颖的因果关系显示,可以在随后的事件(对象的运动或颜色变化)中呈现各种因果关系。在这些显示中,先前的事件是相同的(球从上方掉落),因此观察者无法预测显示的后续事件。结果表明,感知的因果关系调节了两个连续事件的时间关系,从而与随后事件所暗示的因果顺序保持一致。球击中地板,然后移动物体。当运动暗示落球的先发作用(例如风压)时,这些调制较小。这些结果非常适合贝叶斯框架,在该框架中,通过观察者的先前经验重建了事件的感知时间,并暗示了多个先前经验将竞争性地对事件时间的估计做出贡献。

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