Distracted Walking Bicycling and Driving: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mobile Technology and Youth Crash Risk

摘要

This paper examined the impact of mobile technology on young pedestrians, bicyclists, and drivers. A systematic search yielded 41 papers meeting inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed, published before 2/1/16, behavioral outcome related to pedestrian, bicycling, or driving in the presence of mobile technology use, youth sample. Eleven studies were meta-analyzed to evaluate increased risk for crashear-crash while distracted. Risk of bias and quality of research were assessed. Across methodologies, developmental stages, and type of distracting task, mobile technology use impairs youth safety on the road. Quality of evidence was low (pedestrian) to moderate (driving). Findings are discussed from the perspective of cognitive and visual distractions. Policy and behavioral efforts should continue to reduce mobile technology use in transportation settings.