A Water and Education Provision Intervention Modifies the Diet in OverweightMexican Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial

摘要

>Background: There is minimal information on the impact of replacing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption with water on diet quality from randomized controlled trials. >Objective: We evaluated the effect of a water intake intervention on diet quality in overweight Mexican women. >Methods: Women with a body mass index ≥25 and <39, 18–45 y old, and a self-reported high intake of SSBs (≥250 kcal/d) were randomly allocated to either the water and education provision (WEP) group (n = 120) or the education provision (EP) only group (n = 120). Each group received monthly nutrition counseling, and the WEP group received biweekly water deliveries for 9 mo. Three 24-h recalls, anthropometry, and demographic information were collected at baseline, and 3, 6, and 9 mo. Energy, macronutrient, sugar, SSB, fruit and vegetable, salty snack, cake and cookie, and fast food intakes were assessed in study completers (n = 189) classified by intervention assignment and by actual water intake at every time point (low <1200 vs. high ≥1200 mL/d). >Results: The WEP group reported greater decreases in SSB intake than the EPgroup (from 20.9% to 10.3% of energy/d vs. from 20.1% to 17.8%). Thirty-eight percent ofthe EP group and 84.3% of the WEP group reported attaining a water intake ≥1200 mL/d.Reductions in energy intake and food groups were similar across intervention groups.However, the high actual water intake group reported greater increases vs. the lowerintake group in intake of fruits and vegetables (117 vs. 47 g/d), as well as largerreductions in salty snacks (4.6 vs. 0.7 g/d) and cakes and cookies (31.7 vs. 14.7g/d).>Conclusions: Other than SSBs, improvements in food group intake did notdiffer by intervention group in overweight Mexican women. However, post hoc analysessuggested that achieving a high actual water intake was associated with additionalbeneficial changes in food group intake. This trial was registered at as .