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Biomechanical Effects of Simulated Resorption Cavities in Cancellous Bone Across a Wide Range of Bone Volume Fraction

机译:在宽范围的骨体积分数中松质骨中模拟吸收腔的生物力学效应

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摘要

Resorption cavities formed during bone remodeling may act as “stress risers” and impair cancellous bone strength, but biomechanical analyses of the effects of stress risers have been limited. To provide further insight, we assessed the theoretical biomechanical effects of virtually-added resorption cavities in cancellous bone specimens spanning a wide range of bone volume fraction (BV/TV=0.05–0.36) and across different anatomic sites (hip and spine) and species (human and canine). Micro-CT scans of 40 cubes of cancellous bone were converted into non-linear finite element models (voxel element size ~ 20 µm) for strength assessment. In each model, uniform trench-like resorption cavities with nominal dimensions 500 µm (length) × 200 µm (width) × 40 µm (depth), were virtually added either at random locations throughout the specimen, or, preferentially at locations of high tissue-level strain. We found that cancellous bone strength (p<0.0001) and its relation with bone volume fraction (p<0.001) were both altered by the virtual addition of the resorption cavities. When the resorption cavities were added at random locations throughout the specimen, the reduction in strength did not depend on bone volume fraction or anatomic site or species. When the resorption cavities were instead added preferentially at locations of high tissue-level strain, the effect was accentuated and was greatest in low-BV/TV bone. We conclude that, in theory, uniform-sized resorption cavities can reduce cancellous bone strength over the full range of BV/TV and across species, and the effect is larger if the cavities occur at highly strained locations in low-BV/TV bone.
机译:骨重塑过程中形成的吸收腔可能会充当“应力提升器”并损害松质骨强度,但是应力提升器作用的生物力学分析受到限制。为了提供进一步的见解,我们评估了松质骨标本中虚拟添加的吸收腔的理论生物力学效应,这些标本涵盖了宽范围的骨体积分数(BV / TV = 0.05–0.36)以及不同的解剖部位(髋骨和脊柱)和物种(人和犬)。将40块松质骨的Micro-CT扫描转换为非线性有限元模型(体素元素大小约为20 µm)以进行强度评估​​。在每个模型中,标称尺寸为500 µm(长)×200 µm(宽)×40 µm(深)的均匀沟槽状吸收腔实际上被添加到整个样本的随机位置,或者优先被放置在高组织位置级应变。我们发现通过虚拟增加吸收腔,松质骨强度(p <0.0001)及其与骨体积分数的关系(p <0.001)均发生了改变。当在整个样本中的任意位置添加吸收腔时,强度的降低并不取决于骨体积分数或解剖部位或种类。当在高组织水平应变的位置优先添加吸收腔时,效果会增强,并且在低BV / TV骨中效果最大。我们得出的结论是,从理论上讲,均匀大小的吸收腔可以降低BV / TV整个范围以及整个物种的松质骨强度,如果这些腔出现在低BV / TV骨骼的高度应变位置,效果会更大。

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