microTaboo: a general and practical solution to the k-disjoint problem

摘要

BackgroundA common challenge in bioinformatics is to identify short sub-sequences that are unique in a set of genomes or reference sequences, which can efficiently be achieved by k-mer (k consecutive nucleotides) counting. However, there are several areas that would benefit from a more stringent definition of “unique”, requiring that these sub-sequences of length W differ by more than k mismatches (i.e. a Hamming distance greater than k) from any other sub-sequence, which we term the k-disjoint problem. Examples include finding sequences unique to a pathogen for probe-based infection diagnostics; reducing off-target hits for re-sequencing or genome editing; detecting sequence (e.g. phage or viral) insertions; and multiple substitution mutations. Since both sensitivity and specificity are critical, an exhaustive, yet efficient solution is desirable.