利用油茶粕基质培养食用菌的初步研究

摘要

The stituation of growing and degrading tea saponin of 11 kinds of edible mushroom mycelium in the media with different concentrations of Camellia meal was investigated, as toifnd out the edible mushrooms which can efifciently utilizeCamellia meal. The results showed that each strain could normally grow in media with 25%, 50% and 70% ofCamellia meal, exceptCopyinds comatus. The mycelia growth ofMorchella esculenta,Hericium erinaceus,Xixia basswoodlentinus edodes andRussula albidaPeck well grew in the three culture media. The strains could degrade tea saponin inCamellia meal media expectC. comatus, the degradation effects ofM. esculenta,X. basswood lentinus edodes andR. albidaPeck were better, and the degradation rates were 62.38%, 70.52% and 65.57%, respectively.M. esculenta, X. basswood lentinus edodes andR. albida Peck should be suited toCamelliameal medium based on mycelium growth speed and degrading tea saponin stituation.%为了筛选能高效利用油茶粕进行培养的优质食用菌，就含有不同浓度油茶粕的培养基对11种食用菌菌丝生长的影响情况及菌丝对茶皂素的降解情况进行了试验研究。结果表明：在培养基中分别添加25%、50%、70%的油茶粕后，除鸡腿菇外，各菌种均能正常生长，其中羊肚菌、猴头菇、西峡椴木香菇、小白菇的生长状态最好；除鸡腿菇外，各菌种均能降低油茶粕培养基中茶皂素的含量，其中羊肚菌、西峡椴木香菇及小白菇这3种菌的降解效果最明显，最高降解率分别达到62.38%、70.52%、65.57%；根据菌丝的生长速度及其对茶皂素的降解情况，筛选出的优势食用菌种分别为羊肚菌、西峡椴木香菇、小白菇。