超声波传感器测距实验平台设计与实验

摘要

超声波传感器在农业环境的实际应用中,环境的多变会引起超声波传输误差,传感器自身的波束角效应会引起测距误差,运动机械的振动也容易引起测量误差.针对超声波传感器在农业环境中的应用,设计了超声波测距实验平台.根据超声波传感器的工作原理,研究了测量误差产生的原因.重点研究了被测面和传感器波束角大小引起的测量误差,比较了不同条件下误差的大小,并探讨了补偿误差的方法,为提高基于超声波传感器的探测系统的测量精度提供了理论依据.%In view of the application of ultrasonic sensor in the agricultural environment, the variability of environment will cause the transmission error, the sensor beam angle effect will lead to measurement error, in addition,a lot of mechanical vibrations will cause measurement error. A ranging test platform is designed. According to the working principle of ultrasonic sensors, the reason which causes measurement error is studied. The measurement errors caused by the measured surface and the sensor beam angle is focused on, the size of the error under different conditions is compared and the compensation error of the method is discussed. It provides a theoretical basis for improving the measurement precision of the detection system based on ultrasonic sensor.