不同施肥水平对甘蔗生长及根际土壤微生物的影响

摘要

To reveal the influence of different fertilization levels on sugarcane growth and rhizosphere soil microbial, we established an in-site observation base for investigating plant growth and rhizosphere soil microbial under 4 levels of fertilization in plant crop of sugarcane. The results showed that the millable stalks, plant height, stalk diameter and cane yield had no difference for different fertilization levels. The chemical fertilization levels affected the microbial populations in rhizosphere soil and fungi colonization in sugarcane roots. The highest (54.97%) colonization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in sugarcane root was found in 50% chemical fertilization treatment while the highest (19.53%) Dark Septate Endophyte (DSE) in sugarcane root was observed in the treatments without chemical fertilization. The soil became more acidic with lower pH when increasing chemical fertilizer input.%为了探讨不同施肥水平对甘蔗生长和根际土壤微生物的影响，本研究建立了甘蔗原位观察试验基地，分析4个不同施肥水平下新植甘蔗根际土壤微生物的变化及甘蔗生长情况。研究结果表明：增大化肥用量并没有对大田甘蔗有效茎数、株高、茎径和实际产量造成显著的影响。但化肥的施用量会影响根际微生物种群，改变根系内生真菌的定殖率。在50%施肥水平上，甘蔗根系的丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, AMF)定殖率最高，达到54.97%，而在不施肥的处理中，深色有隔真菌(Dark Septate Endophyte, DSE)的定殖率最高，为19.53%。随着化肥用量的增加，土壤酸化，pH值降低。