摘要：为了明确水泥厂对于周边环境及烟叶重金属含量(质量分数)的影响,分析了黄淮平原区和西南山区的两个水泥厂周边大气重金属沉降、土壤以及烟叶重金属含量随距离的变化.结果表明,水泥厂对周边土壤重金属含量影响较小;黄淮平原区水泥厂周边1.5~3.5 km、西南山区水泥厂周边1.0 km处重金属沉降通量有所升高,铅、镉、砷、铬和镍的最大与最小沉降通量比值在1.7~2.8之间.黄淮平原区水泥厂下风向采样点上部烟叶铅、镉、砷、铬和镍最高含量分别为上风向采样点的2.26、3.09、2.44、3.72和1.78倍,峰值出现在1.0~4.0 km之间,而西南山区水泥厂这5种金属最高含量分别为最低含量的1.34、1.19、2.32、3.41和4.66倍,峰值出现在1.0~1.5 km处.可见,烟草生长对大气环境较为敏感,水泥厂对平原季风气候地区环境影响范围较大,而对山区环境影响相对较小.%To clarify the influences of cement production on heavy metal contents in tobacco leaves and surrounding environment,two cement plants located in Huanghuai Plain and Southwest mountainous area were studied. The variations of deposition fluxes of heavy metals in the surrounding atmosphere and the heavy metal contents in surrounding farmland soil and tobacco leaves along with the distance from the cement plants were analyzed. The results showed that the effect of cement production on heavy metal contents in surrounding farmland soil was relatively light. The deposition fluxes of heavy metals in the atmosphere raised at 1.5-3.5 km and 1.0 km away from the cement plants in Huanghuai Plain and Southwest mountainous area,respectively. The maximum/minimum ratios of Pb,Cd,As,Cr and Ni deposition fluxes in the atmosphere were in the range of 1.7-2.8. Comparing with the upper tobacco leaves grown in the upwind direction,the highest contents of Pb,Cd, As,Cr and Ni in upper tobacco leaves in the downwind direction of the cement plant in Huanghuai Plain were 2.26,3.09,2.44,3.72 and 1.78 times,respectively; and the peaks of heavy metal contents in upper tobacco leaves were at 1.0-4.0 km downwind of the cement plant. However,in places surrounding the cement plant in Southwest area,the maximum contents of Pb,Cd,As,Cr and Ni were 1.34,1.19,2.32,3.41 and 4.66 times of the minimum in upper leaves,respectively; and the peaks were at 1.0-1.5 km away from the cement plant. In conclusion,tobacco is a sensitive indicator of atmospheric environment,and the influences of cement plant on plain at monsoon region are larger than those on mountainous area.
