中药的质量控制和评价在现代化医学发展中起着至关重要的作用.为了客观和高精度的鉴别中药材特性,实现对中药材质量稳定性的控制,利用XRF,PXRD和FTIR对广藿香的主要组分及微结构进行测定,建立了基于XRF,PXRD和FTIR鉴别中药材主要组分及产地特征的新方法.实验结果表明,广藿香中含有K,Ca,Cl,Si和P等多种元素,独有的元素特征谱是广藿香形成药效好的道地药材的部分物质基础.广藿香含有大量的晶态物质及少量非晶态物质,且Ca在其中以CaC2 O4·H2 O状态存在,被检样品中该晶体物质含量的多少与相关锐峰的强弱成正比.对FTIR谱峰进行了归属与分析,提供了醇类、黄酮及草酸钙等物质的化学组分信息.该法联用XRF,PXRD和FTIR技术从元素、原子和分子微观层面客观地表征了广藿香主要组分及微结构的相关信息,避免了单独使用某种方法的片面性,能避免因复杂的前处理导致样品固有组分的改变,具有快速、简洁、再现性好及易于接受等优点,为广藿香及其他中药材的质量控制和品质评价提供一种新方法.%The quality control and evaluation of Chinese herbal medicine is essential in the development of medical modernization . In this paper ,aiming at the objectivity and high-precision of identifying Chinese herbals' characteristics ,which can lead to the realization of quality control of Chinese medicinal materials ,the XRF ,PXRD and FTIR ,based on which a novel method to iden-tify the main components and origin of Chinese herbal medicine was established ,were used to measure the main component and micro-structure of patchouli .The experimental results have shown that ,there are a variety of inorganic elements ,such as K , Ca ,Cl ,Si ,P et al ,and the unique elemental characteristic spectrum is part of material basis for Patchouli forming good efficacy of Chinese medicinal materials .Patchouli contains large amounts of crystalline substance and a small number of amorphous sub-stance ,in which Ca exists in state of CaC2 O4 · H2 O ,and the content of the crystal material is proportional to the strength of the sharp peak .FTIR spectrum reflects the infrared absorption of the various components of tested sample .After analyzing of FTIR spectral peak it provides information of chemical component substances such as alcohol , flavonoids and calcium oxalate . Comqared with existing analysis methods ,this method combining XRF ,PXRD and FTIR objectively reveals that the main com-ponents and microstructure of patchouli from the elements ,atoms and molecules ,which overcome this one-sidedness of the using some way respectively .And this method avoids the change of the inherent component because that the complex sample pretreat-ment has the advantages of fast ,simple andgood reproducibility and is easy to accept .It might provide a new method for the quality control and evaluation of patchouli and other Chinese herbal medicine .
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