The geometric positioning accuracy of remote sensing satellite image is an important characteristic of satellite remote sensing capability for both ground and on-orbit assessments. The geometric positioning accuracy obtained by the traditional evaluation method cannot completely consider the locating ability of the remote sensing satellites. Therefore a more accurate evaluation method is needed for different geometric positioning accuracy. Firstly, in this paper the concept of geometric positioning accuracy was introduced, and then the difference between internal and external geometric positioning accuracy was analyzed. Secondly, the advantages and disadvantages of standard error and circular error were given. Finally, different geometric positioning accuracy evaluation methods were used to estimate the simulation data. The results showed that more accurate and reliable assessment results can be obtained by choosing the appropriate evaluation method of geometric positioning accuracy.%遥感卫星图像的几何定位精度是卫星遥感能力地面预估或在轨评价的重要指标之一.利用传统评价方法得到的几何定位精度不能完全反映遥感卫星的定位能力,针对不同的几何定位精度,需要更加准确的评价方法.文章首先介绍了几何定位精度的概念,并且分析了内部和外部几何定位精度的区别;其次通过对中误差和圆概率误差的研究,比较其各自的优缺点;最后采用不同的几何定位精度评价方法对仿真数据进行评估,结果表明选择合适的几何定位精度评价方法可以得到更准确可靠的评价结果.
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