医学院校大学生健康素养现状调查

摘要

[目的]了解医学院校大学生健康素养现状及影响因素，为学校开展健康教育及干预措施提供依据。[方法]采用分层整群抽样方法，随机抽取607名大学生，采用自行设计的问卷对其进行健康素养调查。采用Epidata 3.0建立数据库，SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。[结果]大学生总体具备健康素养比例为7.74%,具备健康知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能比例分别为20.6%、4.4%和52.4%，女生总体健康素养、健康知识和理念及健康生活方式与行为素养水平均显著高于男生，本科学生在总体健康素养、健康知识和理念及基本技能素养水平均显著高于专科学生，不同年级健康素养水平有随年级增长而逐渐增高的趋势。在健康素养6个维度中仅0.2%的学生具备慢性病防治相关知识素养。[结论]医学院校大学生健康素养水平偏低尤其是健康生活方式与行为素养和慢性病防治相关知识素养较低。学校应加强健康教育，促进健康行为的形成，提高大学生的身心健康水平。%Objective To understand the status of health literacy and its influence factors among medical undergraduates,and to provide the basis of implementing health education and intervention measures. Methods Epidata 3.0 and SPSS 17.0 software was used for database and statistical analysis. Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 607 medical undergraduates by health literacy questionnaire.Results The proportion of undergraduates who had held health literacy was 7.74%.The holding rate of health knowledge and idea, healthy life style, behavior and skill were 20.6%, 4.4% and 52.4% respectively.The holing rate of health literacy and all the above among female student were higher than male’s. The undergraduates’ were higher than college students. The holing rate of health literacy had increased tendency along with the grade. According to the health literacy of 6 dimensionality, only 0.2% had chronic disease control and prevention related knowledge. ConclusionsThe health literacy level of medical undergraduates is low, especially in the aspect of healthy life style, behavior and chronic disease prevention and control related knowledge. The universities should strengthen health education, promote the formation of health behavior so as to improve physical and mental health level for medical undergraduates.