Objective To study the protection of sodium aescinate (SA) on experimental pulmonary fibrosis and explore the possible underling mechanisms .Methods Fifty cleaning male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups as blank control group(group N) ,saline control group(group NS) ,bleomycin model group(group M )and sodium aescinate group (group SA) .Pulmonary fibrosis of rat model was induced by intratracheal instilla-tion of bleomycin .From the 2 th day after modeling ,the rats in group SA received daily sodium aescinate 5 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection for one week .The rats in all groups were put to death on the 7 th ,14 th ,28 th day , and then we collected the lung tissue .The immunohistochemical technique was used to investigate the expression of TGF-β1 protein in lung tissue .Results The concentration of TGF-β1 in lung tissue of the rats in group M on all the time points except the 28 th day point was all higher than those of group N ,group NS and group SA (P <0.01 , P< 0.05) .That of group M was higher than group SA on the 28 th day ,but there were no statistical sig-nificance between them (P > 0.05) .Conclusion SA can inhibit the overexpression of TGF-β1 in lung tissue of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis rat in earlier period .%目的：探讨七叶皂苷钠对实验性大鼠肺纤维化的保护作用。方法50只清洁级 Wistar 雄性大鼠采用数字随机法分为空白对照组、盐水对照组、模型组和治疗组。模型组和治疗组采用博莱霉素诱导大鼠肺纤维化模型。治疗组造模后第2天起给予七叶皂苷钠5 mg/kg 腹腔注射，连续7 d 。造模后第7、14、28天随机处死大鼠，留取肺组织，检测各组大鼠肺组织中转化生长因子（TGF）-β1表达的变化。结果模型组大鼠肺组织中TGF-β1表达量高于空白对照组、盐水对照组及治疗组，第28天与治疗组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），余各时间点与空白对照组、盐水对照组及治疗组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01，P＜0.05）。结论七叶皂苷钠能明显抑制博莱霉素致肺纤维化大鼠早期肺组织 TGF-β1的过高表达。
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