2012年版《国家基本药物目录》的抗菌药物目录分析

摘要

目的：对2012年版《国家基本药物目录》的抗菌药物目录进行分析。方法：通过对2012年版和2009年版《国家基本药物目录》、《WHO基本药物目录》中的抗菌药物目录及30个省市抗菌药物分级目录比较，分析2012年版《国家基本药物目录》的抗菌药物目录特点、不足及其对医疗机构和制药企业产生的影响。结果：2012年版《国家基本药物目录》的抗菌药物目录在2009年版基础上，增加了品种和剂型，并对某些品种的化学成分和规格作了严格限制。但新增品种、剂型和规格仍欠合理，医疗机构对抗菌药物的分级也与《国家基本药物目录》对抗菌药物的分级存在差异，一些制药企业的抗菌药物产品与《国家基本药物目录》的规定不完全一致。结论：《国家基本药物目录》的抗菌药物品种、剂型和规格的合理性有待提高，医疗机构的抗菌药物分级目录需要调整，一些制药企业抗菌药物产品的销售困难增加。%ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the antibacterial list in the 2012 edition of the national essential medicines list (NEML). Methods:The antibacterial lists in the 2012 and 2009 editions of NEMLs were compared with WHO model list of essential medicines and antibacterial formulary restriction (AFR) lists of 30 provinces and municipalities in China so as to analyze their characteristics, insufficiencies and influences on medical institutions and pharmaceutical companies. Results:The antibacterial species and dosage forms were increased in 2012, and the chemical compositions and specifications of some antibacterial species were strictly limited however it was not very appropriate in some newly added antibacterial species, dosage forms and specifications. There were some differences in AFR between medical institutions and NEML in 2012, and some antibacterials produced by some pharmaceutical companies were not in fully accord with NEML. Conclusion:The rationalities of antibacterial species, dosage forms and specifications of NEML should be improved. The AFR lists of medical institutions need to be adjusted, and the antibacterial sell will be more difficulties for some pharmaceutical companies.