西安地区男性献血员 HLA 抗体筛查分析

摘要

目的：对西安地区部分男性献血员的HLA抗体进行检测并分析，为提高输血的安全性提供实验数据。方法：随机收集西安地区男性无偿献血者标本224份，采用 ELISA 技术对HLA‐Ⅰ类、HLA‐Ⅱ类抗体进行检测；并对有无输血史献血者HLA抗体产生的差异进行统计学分析。结果：在224例男性献血者中，52例献血者 HLA 抗体阳性（23％）。有输血史男性献血员HLA抗体阳性率（42％）明显高于无输血史男性献血员 HLA 抗体阳性率（6．0％），但是有无输血史对于HLA抗体产生类型没有明显差异。结论：输血可以明显刺激机体产生HLA抗体。将来自于具有输血史献血员的血液制品用于临床时，会增加 TRALI发生的几率，导致患者病死率上升。因此对献血员进行HLA抗体检测对安全输血十分重要。%Objective:To detect and analyze HLA antibody of men donates in Xi'an ,and provide experi‐mental data for improving the security of blood transfusion .Method:Randomly collected serum specimens of 224 men donates ,and tested HLA‐Ⅰ ,HLA‐Ⅱ antibody using ELISA ;Statistical analyze the differences on HLA anti‐bodies between non‐experience of transfusion and experience of transfusion donors .Results :For 224 men donates , HLA antibody of 52 donates were positive (23% ) .The rate of HLA antibody positive of experience of transfusion men donates 42% ) was significantly higher than that of non‐experience of transfusion men donates(6 .0% ) .But there was no significantly difference on HLA antibodies types between non‐experience of transfusion and experience of transfusion men donates .Conclusion:The transfusion could stimulate generation of HLA antibody ,obviously .So the incidence of TRALI and the death rate of patient induced by TRALI may be increased ,because transfusion with blood products from HLA antibody positive donors .So the investigation of frequency and distribution of HLA anti‐bodies is very important for safe transfusion .