怎样建构中国型海洋美学

摘要

中国型海洋美学的建构，以中国以及世界的海洋审美经验和海洋观为基础。西方的海洋定位是从地理到文化，中国的海洋定位是从文化到地理。西方的海洋观是从波塞冬到科学-上帝，在人与海的二元中以海洋的客观性为基础总结而来的，中国的海洋观是从人兽合体的四海之神到兽形人性的四海龙王到神性观音再到人性妈祖，在人与海的二元中以人的理想而定型。海洋美学的建构应从现实、宗教、科学、艺术四个方面进行梳理、分析、总结，并与其他文化的海洋经验互动而产生出来。%The construction of Chinese ocean aesthetics is based on Chinese and world ocean aesthet-ic experience and ocean view. Western ocean orientation is from geography to culture while the Chi-nese one is just the opposite. Western ocean view is from Poseidon to science-God and is summa-rized from the objectivity of the ocean in the dualism of man and sea, while Chinese ocean view is from the god of four seas integrated from man and beast to dragon king of four seas with beast form but human nature, Goddess Avalokitesvara and Goddess Matsu, finalized in human ideal in the dualism of man and sea. The construction of ocean aesthetics should be sorted out, analyzed and summarized from reality, religion, science and art and interact with ocean experience of other culture.