关于二外日语学习者的日语方位表达方式“上”的教学方略研究

摘要

当谈及日语＂上＂的方位表达方式时,中文用＂名词＋上＂来表达,而日语却用＂名词＋上＋に、で…＂来表达。比如将＂桌子上有书＂这个句子翻译成日语时,一般可以这样翻译：＂机の上に本がある＂。用同样的方法将＂黑板上有字＂翻译成日语,就会翻译成＂黒板の上に字がある＂,但这个日语句子却变成了＂黑板的上方有字＂的意思了。也就是说中国的＂名词＋上＂和日语的＂名词＋上＋に、で…＂并非一对一的关系。那么这两者到底是怎样的关系呢？同时,二外日语学习者对这一语言现象的习得状况又如何呢？本文以将日语作为第二外语的英语专业的二外日语学习者为对象,对其习得状况进行实证调查,并究其问题所在,然后从中日对照的角度对二外日语学习者的日语方位表达方式＂上＂的教学方略进行探讨。%When using "上" to express a position,Chinese people use the structure "noun+上",while Japanese people use "noun+上+に,で…" to express it.This paper illustrates that the structure "noun+上" in Chinese is not equivalent to "noun+ 上+に,で…" in Japanese.In order to make clear the relationship between the former two structures,as well as learners' acquisition situation of this language phenomenon,this paper investigates on English majors learning Japanese as a second foreign language,aiming to inquire into teaching strategies for this Japanese language phenomenon.