铁路运营隧道病害主要表现为衬砌开裂、酥碎、剥落、漏水，道床翻浆冒泥。地下水是其产生的根源。在高寒地区，隧道衬砌冻胀、挂冰等反复加剧，严重威胁行车安全，运营期整治难度非常大。本文以我国东北地区牙林线、嫩林线，西北地区南疆线、青藏线等典型的隧道冻害及其治理过程为例，对冻害治理技术及效果进行分析。介绍了国外寒区隧道的防冻措施，分析了隧道渗漏水的原因，对泄水洞、中心深埋水沟等防冻排水形式进行了比较，对防冻排水设计给出了具体建议。%Due to various reasons,the defects occurred after the completion of railway tunnels cannot be completely eradicated,mainly including lining crack,crisp,peeling off,leakage,and mud pumping from the ballast bed. T he primary cause is underground water. In frigid region,this situation could even be worse. Frost heaving and ice covering frequently occur and seriously endanger the safety of operation. C ase studies w ere introduced in this paper, including Yalin line and Nenlin line in the Northeast,and Nanjiang line and Qingzang line in the Northwest. Also,the anti-freeze measures overseas were introduced. T he seepage in tunnels was analyzed. A comparison was conducted between the drainage effect of a drainage tunnel and a center deep ditch. Detailed suggestion was provided for the anti-freeze drainage design for railw ay tunnels in frigid region.
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