寒冷及严寒地区铁路隧道防排水设计探讨

摘要

研究目的:我国寒冷及严寒地区已建成的隧道存在渗漏水影响造成的仰拱翻浆冒泥、衬砌开裂、底鼓甚至侵限等一系列病害.通过对东北地区既有铁路隧道防排水技术现状及运营维护状况进行的调研,分析严寒及寒冷地区防排水设计、施工和运营中存在的问题,指出防排水设计技术需要不断提升水平,从而简化运营维护及保证行车安全.研究结论:结合拟建及在建隧道的防排水设计、施工中存在的实际问题以及新工艺、新材料的实用,总结出保温水沟、中心深埋水沟、防寒泄水洞以及保温盲沟等保温排水的设计应优先采用新型保温材料,减少施工工序以及减低施工难度,以充分解决寒冷及严寒地区隧道的冻害问题.%Research purposes; The water leakage has happened to the tunnel in the severe cold and cold regions, resulting in a series of the disasters, such as rising soil of the inverted arch, lining cracking, heaving floor and even invasion of limitation. Based on investigation and analysis of the current situation of the waterproofing and draining technologies and current maintenance situation of the existing the railway tunnels in the Northeast China, the analysis of the problems in design, construction and maintenance of the waterproofing and draining facilities was made and it was proposed that the waterproofing and draining technologies could be continuously improved to simplify the operation and maintenance and ensure the traffic safety.rnResearch conclusions; Combining with the real problems in design and construction of the waterproofing and draining facilities for the planned tunnel and the tunnel under construction and the application of the new technologies and new materials, it is proposed that the new type heat insulating material should be used for the heat insulating ditch, central deep buried ditch, cold - proof weepage hole and heat insulating blind ditch to reduce construction process and the construction difficulty for thoroughly solving the freeze injury of the tunnel in cold region.