铁路隧道防排水设计与施工一直困扰着铁路隧道建设者,完善的防排水理论设计在当前的施工技术条件下难以实现,致使一些地下水发育的隧道仍存在不同程度的渗漏水.结合设计、现场施工及运营后渗漏水病害整治,针对围岩防水、初期支护防水、仰拱防排水、施工缝防排水、排水板的设计与施工、无砟道床隆起原因等进行分析,提出取消衬砌背后环纵向盲管外裹无纺布、排水板可采取钉射或自粘的施工工艺、加强无砟道床仰拱防排水及带模注浆等防排水优化设计措施.%The design and construction of railway tunnel waterproofing and drainage have been puzzling the builders of railway tunnels due to the difficulties in realizing the perfect design of waterproofing and drainage under current construction technical conditions,which often results in leakage of various degrees in some underground-water-development tunnels. With reference to the design, field construction and leakage remedies after operation and based on the analysis of waterproof and drainage of the surrounding rock,primary support,inverted arch, construction joint, the design and construction of the drain board,and the causes of the ballastless track uplift,this paper proposes such waterproofing and drainage measures as canceling the non-woven fabric wrapped on the longitudinal blind tube behind the lining of the liner, the provision of the drainage board with nail shooting or self-adhered construction technology,and the enhancement of waterproof and drainage measures by ballastless track inverted arch and grouting with mold.
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