为了探讨不同情境下小学儿童妒忌情绪的发展及其对任务坚持性的影响，研究1采用自编的小学儿童妒忌情绪情境故事，对343名3、4、5年级小学儿童的妒忌情绪发展特点进行测查；研究2采用回忆妒忌经历的方法诱发妒忌情绪，考察了83名小学儿童的妒忌情绪对其任务坚持性的影响。结果表明：小学儿童的妒忌情绪在家庭情境中最高；学校情境中，小学4、5年级男生的妒忌情绪比女生高，同时5年级男生的妒忌情绪要比4年级男生高，而3年级女生的妒忌情绪最高；家庭情境中，男生的妒忌情绪随年级升高没有显著变化，而4年级女生的妒忌情绪最低，同时4年级男生的妒忌情绪比女生高；其他情境中，男生的妒忌情绪比女生高，而4年级儿童的妒忌情绪比3年级儿童低；总体来说，小学儿童的妒忌情绪对其任务坚持性有积极影响。%In order to explore the development of envy of primary school children in different situations and the influence of envy on task persistence, Study 1 measured the developmental characters of envy of 343 children from grade 3~5 based on the suitable envy scenario stories constructed by the experimenters, and Study 2 examined the influence of envy of 83 children on their task persistence by using the method of recall personal envy experiences to induce their own envy. The results were as following:(1) The envy of primary school children was the highest in the family con-text. (2) In the school context, the envy of the boys in grade 4 and 5 was higher than that of the girls, and the en-vy of grade 5 boys was higher than that of grade 4 boys, but the envy of grade 3 girls was the highest. In the family context, there was no significant change with increasing grade in the envy of the boys, but the envy of grade 4 girls was the lowest, and the envy of grade 4 boys was higher than that of the girls. In other context, the envy of the boys was higher than that of the girls, but the envy of grade 4 children was lower than that of grade 3 children. (3) The envy of primary school children had a positive effect on their task persistence.
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