炼油污水处理场挥发性有机物和恶臭废气处理技术

摘要

炼油污水处理场挥发性有机物(VOCs)和恶臭废气可分为高浓度、低浓度两类:高浓度废气来自提升池、均质罐、隔油池、气浮池(浮选池)、污油罐(池)等,非甲烷总烃浓度为500~40000 mg/m3,总气量为1000~10000 m3/h(标准状态);低浓度废气来自曝气池、氧化沟、污泥脱水间,非甲烷总烃浓度为10~300 mg/m3,总气量为20000~50000 m3/h(标准状态).中国石化抚顺石油化工研究院开发了适用于炼油污水处理场高浓度与低浓度废气联合处理的 SWAT-1、SWAT-2工艺技术,在SWAT-1工艺中,高浓度废气采用"脱硫及总烃浓度均化-催化燃烧(氧化)"工艺处理,曝气池等低浓度废气采用"洗涤-吸附"工艺处理,低浓度废气饱和吸附剂用催化氧化排放的热气再生并返回催化氧化处理系统;而在SWAT-2工艺中,高浓度废气采用"低温柴油吸收-脱硫及总烃浓度均化-催化氧化"工艺处理.应用SWAT-1、SWAT-2工艺处理污水处理场废气,净化气非甲烷总烃浓度可小于50 mg/m3,最低小于10 mg/m3,苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度低于检出限,臭气浓度小于20(无量纲).%VOCs and odour waste gas from refinery sewage treatment plant can be divided into two types:high-concentration waste gas,among which the non-methane hydrocarbon concentration(NMHC) is 500—40 000 mg/m3,total gas flow rate 1 000—10 000 m3/h),is from waste-water lifting tank,water homogeni-zer,oil separator,flotation tank,waste oil tank;low-concentration waste gas(NMHC 10—300 mg/m3,gas flow 20 000—50 000 m3/h)is from aeration tank,oxidation ditch and sludge dewatering process.Technologies SWAT-1 and SWAT-2 were developed by Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals(FRIPP)to treat high-concentration and low-concentration exhaust gas from refinery wastewater treatment plants.In SWAT-1,high-con-centration waste gas from oil separator,flotation tank is treated by"desulfurization and total hydrocarbon concentra-tion homogenization-catalytic oxidation"process;the low concentration exhaust gases from aeration tank are treated with"scrubbing-adsorption"process,and the saturated low concentration exhaust gas adsorbent is regenerated by the hot gas from catalytic oxidation and then returned to catalytic oxidation treatment process.In SWAT-2,high-concentration waste gas is treated by"low temperature diesel absorption-desulfurization and total hydrocarbon con-centration homogenization-catalytic oxidation"process.By SWAT-1 and SWAT-2 technologies,NMHC of purified gas is less than 50 mg/m3and the minimum is less than 10 mg/m3,and the concentration of benzene,toluene and xy-lene is less the detection limit,and the odor concentration is less than 20(non dimensional).