地铁隧道内噪声分布规律及转换

摘要

It is necessary to reduce noise pollution because noise induced by trains seriously affects safe traffic and comfortable transportation. Based on energy conversion principle, noise energy is converted to electrical energy by piezoelectric ceramics to reduce noise. In order to ensure the position, experiments were conducted to configure the monitoring points far away from one meter, one point five meters, two meters, two point five meters to bottom respectively. Piezoelectric ceramics were pasted and connected to store electric equipment to measure noise energy configure at the tunnel. The result shows that noise energy was configure normal distribution and there is the more decible of noise at the position of 1.5 meters, that is larger energy density than other. That is the piezoelectric ceramics to absorb effectively noise energy. According to propagation law of noise, noise was controlled at the first reflecting point. The conclusion may provide the reference to reduce noise of underground space.%列车与轨道的摩檫及振动引起了噪声污染，严重影响地铁交通安全和舒适，必须进行控制。根据噪声的传播规律，在噪声传播的第一反射点进行控制，为了确定这个位置，进行了试验。在地铁隧道壁1 m、1.5 m、2 m、2.5 m的高度布置同样的压电陶瓷片（其尺寸为0.5 m×2 m），并与储能装置相连，测定每个压电陶瓷片的能量转化量，以确定声能在隧道壁上的分布。通过试验发现：从底部向上能量呈正态分布，在离底面1.5m的地方，能量密度较大，然后基于能量转换的原理，通过压电陶瓷片把噪声声能转化为电能，达到消声降噪的目的，在能量密度大的区域布置压电陶瓷片，可以更有效地降低噪声能量。此研究成果为地下空间噪声控制措施的实施提供依据。