部分穿孔管消声器声学性能有限元分析

摘要

穿孔管消声器因具有良好的声学性能和较低的压力损失而被运用于消除内燃机排气噪声。通过运用有限元法研究部分穿孔消声器穿孔率、插入长度、周向和轴向穿孔分布、扩张腔直径等设计参数对消声器消声性能的影响。得到如下结论：穿孔率增大、插入长度变短会引起低频共振峰向高频方向偏移；穿孔率增大、扩张腔直径减小都会引起有效消声频率范围的拓宽；穿孔的轴向、周向分布对消声器消声性能没有影响。%Since the perforated pipe silencer has a good acoustic attenuation performance and a low pressure loss, it is used to eliminate the noise of the engine exhaust systems. In this paper, influences of the perforation rate, insertion length, circumferential and axial perforation distributions, inflation lumen diameter etc. on the acoustic attenuation performance of the muffler are studied by means of the finite element method. It is concluded that increasing of the perforation rate and decreasing of the insertion length can cause the low-frequency resonance peak to shift to the high frequency direction;increasing of the perforation rate and decreasing of the inflation lumen diameter can widen the frequency range of the effective noise elimination. While the axial and circumferential distributions of perforation have little influence on acoustic attenuation performance of the muffler.