基于ANSYS Workbench的微型数控车床主轴动静态性能分析∗

摘要

数控机床主轴的结构特性对其加工精度具有重要影响。根据自行设计的微型数控车床的主轴结构特征，应用有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench对其主轴进行了动静态性能分析。通过对微型数控车床主轴的静力分析、疲劳分析的和模态分析，得到其动静态特性参数。在静态特性分析中将轴承约束等效为刚性约束，在模态分析中将轴承约束等效为弹簧单元的弹性约束，求主轴约束模态，进而求其临界转速。求得主轴动静态特性参数均在合理的范围内，验证了主轴设计的合理性，为后续进行微型数控车床整机的动静态特性研究与优化设计奠定了基础。%The structure characteristics of the CNC machine tool’s spindle has important influence on its ma-chining accuracy. According to the spindle structure characteristics of our own designed micro CNC lathe, the spindle’ s static and dynamic performance was carried out through the FEA software ANSYS Workbench. Through the static analysis, fatigue analysis and modal analysis of the micro CNC lathe’ s spindle, the static and dynamic characteristic parameters were obtained. The bearing constraints are equivalent to rigid constraints and elastic constraints respectively during the static characteristic analysis and modal analysis. After got the spindle’s constraint modal, the critical speed was calculated. The spindle’s static and dynamic characteristic parameters are in reasonable range, so it verifies the rationality of the spindle design and lays a foundation for subsequent static and dynamic characteristics study and optimal design of the overall micro CNC lathe.