Considering the influence of the bed supports on the performance of the whole machine,this pa-per proposed a method to improve the static and dynamic characteristic of machine tools based on topology optimization and multi-objective optimization. A FEM model was constructed and then simulation was car-ried out to identify the weak and easy-to-lightweight part of machine tools. Taking the bed of the machine tool as an optimization object,it analyzed the relationships between the supports and the first order natural frequency of the bed. The numbers and layout of the supports on the bed were optimized. Then the topology and key sizes of the bed structure were obtained based on the multi-objective genetic algorithm. The results indicated that the response amplitude was reduced by about 25% and the vibration frequency increased by a-bout 10% with a decrease in mass about 174kg.%在考虑地脚支撑对整机性能影响的前提下,提出了一种确定机床整机优化目标、并基于拓扑分析与多目标尺寸分析对机床整机性能进行优化的方法.通过有限元仿真的方法对整机进行动静态特性分析,以识别整机动静态特性中的薄弱环节与易轻量化环节.选取床身结构为优化对象,首先通过仿真分析了地脚数量与结构固有频率的关系,对地脚支撑数量及其布局进行了优化.进而以地脚支撑优化结果作为床身结构优化的边界条件,基于元结构的多目标优化方法,确定了床身的拓扑结构及关键尺寸参数.结果表明,在整机质量减轻174kg的情况下,优化后的砂轮最大响应幅值减少25%以上,最大响应幅值对应的频率提高10%以上,验证了文中提出方法的有效性.
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