软土地区盾构隧道施工会对邻近建筑物的变形、内力产生一定程度的影响,造成该影响的因素包括盾构施工工艺、地基特性及建筑物自身特点等.文章以盾构施工轴线上方的浅基础建筑物为研究对象,基于土体损失计算理论,建立了建筑物与基础、地基协同作用的力学模型.结合实际工程,采用1stopt软件求解弹性地基上建筑物弯曲的微分方程,分析了隧道轴线上方建筑物沉降、倾斜以及内力随盾构开挖面位置变化而变化的分布规律.选取建筑物内出现最大正弯矩和最大剪力时的开挖工况,研究土体损失率、建筑物刚度、地基基床系数等引起建筑物内力变化的关键因素及影响规律.研究成果可为今后盾构掘进区建筑物的保护、设计和施工提供理论计算基础.%The construction of a shield tunnel in soft soil will affect the deformation and internal force of adjacent buildings because of the shield construction technology and the characteristics of the foundations and buildings. Based on ground loss theory, a mechanical model showing the synergistic action of the ground, foundation and struc-ture of the shallow-foundation building above the shield tunnel axis is established. The software 1stopt is adopted to solve the differential equation for the bending of the buildings on an elastic foundation, and the distribution laws of settlement, inclination and internal force of the building above the axis varying with the position of shield driving are analyzed. The case in which the max. positive bending moment and shear force occur in the building is chosen to study such key influential factors as the soil mass loss ratio, building rigidity and coefficient of the foundation and subgrade, which causes changes to the internal force of the buildings and the law of influence.
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