新国家助学金政策于2007年秋季正式实施。实证研究显示，尽管总体而言家庭经济困难学生更容易获得国家助学金，但学生在校学业表现好以及在校活动能力强均能提高学生获得国家助学金的概率。政府对国家助学金政策目标并未做明确清晰的界定，政府在如何向高校分配国家助学金资源以及高校在校内如何分配名额方面并未做到公开透明，现行高校国家助学金评定掺杂过多定性和主观因素。%This paper analyzes the factors that affect the probability of student ’s access to the government need-based grants and explores the effectiveness and the existing problems of the new need-based grants since 2007. Empirical results show that the possibility of attaining government need-based grants for low-socioeconomic-status students is bigger than high-socioeconomic-status students. This article also finds that the academic performance and the activating ability at school can significantly influence the probability of attainting the government need-based grants positively. The central government lacks a clear and simple definition of the policy objectives of the new government need-based grants;it has not been open and transparent for government how to allocate the government need-based grants to high education institutions and for HEI how to allocate the financial aid within itself;there are too much qualitative and subjective factors in the assessment of the government need-based grants.
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